Electric signaling system.



-R. 1. HEW'ETT.

ELECTRIC SIGNALING SYSTEM.

APIPLICA'I'ION FILED DEC.24, I910- 1 21 9fi5 Patented. Mar. 20, 1917.

4 SHEETS-SHEET I- M MI h I [l| v WITNESSES: (a INVENTOR I 9 I J I,

12.1. HEWETT. ELECTRIC SIGNALING SYSTEM. APPLICATION FILED DEC. 24, 1910.

-4 SHEETS SHEET 2.

ATTORNEY R. 1. HEWE TT. ELECTRIC SIGNALING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED DEC-24,1910.

Patented Mar. 20, 1917.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3- IIIII/EIVTOR I I w/rrvsss:

R. J. HEWETT.

- ELECTRIC SIGNALING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED DEC.24. 1910.

1,219,554. 1 Patented Ma1'.20,1917.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4- ATTOR/VE ROBERT J. HEWETT, or WESTFIELD, NEW JERSEY.

' ELECTRIC. SIGNALING SYSTEM.

. To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, ROBERT J. Hnwnr'r, a

, citizen of the United States, and a resident of Westfield, coun ty of Union, and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric Sig naling Systems, of which the following is a specification. g This invention relates to automatic elec- 1O .block of a road to which the system is ap 'ings.

tric signaling systems 'and is more particularly designed for use on roadswhere track cii'cuits are employed to control the signals. In its complete organization the system is most advantageously employed in connection with block signaling on single track roads, as'shown in the accompanying draw- The invention consists of the arrangement of circuits and devices hereinafter set forth and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings forming,

part of this specification and in which like reference numerals designate corresponding arts p Figure 1 is a diagram showing one com plete block of a road to which the system is applied, on the normal dangerplan. Fig. 2 is a I similar diagram showing a modification. r

Fig. 3 is a diagram showing one complete plied, on the normal safety plan.

Fig. 4 is a diagram showing a modified ar-- rangement of the system as applied to one block of a road, the signals working on the normal danger plan.

Referring now more particularly to Fig. 1, A and D are two signals guarding the block comprising the track sections 6, c and d and herein assumed to extend east and West. The rails of these track sections are included in the usual. track circuits which also include, respectively, the track relays b, c andd with the track batteriesb, c" and'd? Beyond the ends of the block are the preliminary track circuits with battery a and relay a, and battery e andrelay e",

respectively; SignahB guards the entrance to a block extending westward therefrom and signal C guards the-entrance; to a block extending eastward therefrom. The blocks thus overlap accordingto the usualpractice on steam roads. The circuits are shown only for the block A, D.

trolling west-bound signal D. 66 is the east- Speciiication of Letters Extent. 4

Patented Mar. so, rare.

Application filed December 24, 1910. Serial No. 599,131.

bound control relay for controlling eastbound signal A. These relays-are so operatively interlocked that each controls the other, so that the one first operated prevents the other from operating. 23 is a westbound auxiliary or selector relay which controls relay 16 and therefore controls signal D. 73 is an east-bound auxiliary or selector relay which controls relay 66 and therefore controls signal .A.

The circuitfor relay 16 is as follows from battery 2 at east-bound signal A, wire 3, back contact 4, wire 5, circuit controller 6 on signal A, wire 7, contact 8 of track relay 6, wire 9, contact 10 of track relay 0, wire 11, contact 12 of track relay d, back con- 'tact 14 of track relay e,,wire 15, relay 16',

wire 17*, contact 18, wire 19, wire 1", common return wire 1 to battery 2. This circuit, it will be seen, is normally open at contact 14 so that relay 16 is normally deenergized.

The circuit for setting the auxiliary or selector relay-23 associated with the control relay 16 is the same as that traced from battery 2 to contact 12, then through wire 20, contact 21, wire 22, relay 23, wire 24, wire 1", common return-wire 1 back to battery 2. This circuit is normally closed. Re

lay 23 may be termed a stick relay because, when energized, it maintains its own circuitthrough contact 21. This relay controlsrel'ay 16 at contact 18. When this cirouit of relay 23 is broken, the relay is set to open. contact 18 and so prevents. relay 16 from being energized. The circuit for reenergizing' or restoring relay 23 is from battery 2, as heretofore traced, to contact 12, thence through-wire 13, front contact 28, wire 27, wire 22, relay 23, wire 24 back to battery. v I

The normally closed setting circuit of relay 23 is broken by an east-bound train in the. block and thus denergizes the relay.

In Fig. 1, such train breaks this circuit. when it deenergizes -track relay 6 and keeps the circuit broken by.denergizing track relays restoring .circuit is closed at contact 28.and relay 23 is thereby renergized through the 16 is the west-bound control relay for con-.

restoring circuit andthis again closes its setting circuit and closes contact 18.

The circuit for east-bound control relay 66 is as follows :from battery 52, wire 53, contact 54-, wire 55, circuit controller 56 on signal D, wire 57, contact 58, wire 59, contact 60, wire 61, contact 62, wire 63, back contact 6 1, wire65, relay 66, wire 67, con-- .wire 1 back to battery. This circuit is normally closed and the relay energized. The relay may be termed a stick relay because, when energized, it maintains its own circuit through contact 71. This relay controls relay 66' at contact 68. When the circuit of relay 73 is broken, the relay is set to open contact 68- and so prevents relay 66 from being energized.

The circuit for reenergizing or restoring relay 73 is from battery 52, as heretofore traced, to contact 62, thence through wire 63, front contact 78, wire 77, wire 72, relay 7 3, Wire 74; and back to battery.

The normally closed setting circuit of relay 73 is broken by a west-bound train in the block and thus deenergizes the relay.

-This action takes place, in Fig. 1', when the train deenergizes track relay d and is continued by deenergizing track relays c and b. a

When the train retreating from the block enters track section a, it deenergizes track relay a and breaks the restoring circuit for relay 73 at contact 78. When the train passes out of track section a,'the restoring circuit is closed at contact 78, and relay 73 thereby reener ized through the restoring circuit and this again closes its setting circuit and closes contact 68.

The signal circuit for West-bound signal D is as follows :-from battery 52, wire 53, front contact 25 of relay 16, Wire 26, signal D, wire 1, back to battery. This signal circuit, which' may operate the signal through a motor or other instrumentalities well known in the art, is normally open at contact 25, and is. closed when relay.16 is energized.

The signal circuit for east-bound signal A is as follows:from battery 2, wire 3,

front contact 75 of relay 66, wire 76, signal.

A, wire 1 back to battery. This circuit, which may operate signal A through a motor or other instrumentalities, is normally open at contact 75, and is closed when relay 66 is energized.

For an 'eastbound train movement through the block, the operation is as follows :When a train enters track section increase I a, it deenergizes track relay 0; and closes at contact 64:, the normally open circuit of control relay 66. Relay 66, being then energized, closes at contact 7 5 the signal circuit of east-bound signal A and sets the signal to clear. Before this circuit was closed, relay 66 opened at contact 4: the circuit through West-bound control relay 16, and this break at contact 1 in the circuit of relay '16, prevents a west-bound train in track section a from closing the circuit of relay 16, and therefore prevents such west-bound train from clearing signal D and also from breaking at contact 54 the circuit of control relay 66 which has just been closedby the train in section a. lhe West-bound train in track section e is therefore prevented from restoring to danger signal A in front of the approaching east-bound train in track section a.-

Consequently when the east-bound train in track section a has once secured possession of the right of way through the block 7 by closing the circuit of control relay 66 which sets signal A to clear and blocks signal D at danger, an opposing train in track section 6 cannot thereafter change these slg-l nal's or interfere with the right of way secured to the east-bound train. It will be noted that the action of control relay 66, in first breaking at contact 4-. the circuitthrough control relay 16 before it closesat 75 the circuit for signal A fulfils one of the exactmg requirements of railway signaling, that is, before a signal is cleared any opposing or conflicting signal must be blocked, When east-bound control relay broke the. control circuit at contact a it thereby broke the circuit of selector relay 23 and effected another break at contact 18 in the circuit of control relay 16. r Y

When the east-bound train enters track section I) within the block, it opens at contact .62 the circuit of control relay 66 and this puts signal A back to danger behind the train. The opening of front contact .62 also deie'nergizes selector relay 73 but this operation of relay 73 produces no selective effect. The denergizing of track relay 6' also opens contact 8 and thereby continues the bro-ken condition of the circuits of control relay 16 and selector relay 23 which was effected when the train entered track section a. When the train enters on track sections 0 and (Z, it continues in the same Way the broken condition of these several circuitszby When the train enters track section 0, it

closes at 145 the break in the circuit of relay 16, but the relay is not energized because of at 58 and 12. When the break at 58 is thus the break previously made in this circuit at closed, the restoring circuit for selector re-,

lay 73 is closed as follows :from battery 52, through wire 53-, contact 5%, wire 55, controller 56, wire 57 contact 58, line wire 59, contact 60, wire 61, contact 62, contact 78, wire 77, Selector relay 73; back to bat tery. This puts east-bound selector relay 7-3 back to normal condition ready for another east-bound train movement and closes the break at 68 in the circuit of control magnet 66.

lVhen the train passes out of track section e the energized condition of track relay 6 closes at 28 the break in the restoring circuit for selector relay 23 as follows:-from battery 2, through wires- 3, 5,, 7, 9, .11 and 13,

contact 28, .wire 27, relay 23, common return wire 1 back to battery. This restores relay 23 to normal condition and closes the break at 18 in the circuit of relay 16. But this circuit'is already open at contact 14: so that relay 16 remains unenergized. Everything enters the block, it operates upon the circuits is now normal and ready for another train movement in either. direction.

If a. West-bound train approaches and in" a similar manner to that described with reference to the east-bound train.

' It is to be especially noted that when the east-bound train retreating from the-block was in track section e, it produced no efiect upon the west-bound signal D, although a west-bound train entering on section 6 necessarily clears this signal before it can enter the block. The fact "that the east-bound train thus has no 'efl'ect'on signal D, while I in track section '6, whereas a west-bound train in track sectionc will clear signal D, is due to the relation of the setting and restoring circuits of auxiliary or selector relay 23. When thesetting circuit' "for this relay has been broken, the relay cannot thereafter be energized until its restoring circuit has been first'closed by the closing of contact28 and, for an-east-boundtrztin movement,'this contact is not closed until after the train has passed out of track section '0. The setting and restoring circuits of relay- 23 are therefore sequential in their operation.

West-bound auxiliary relay 23 may be ternied a selector relay for the reason that when itis energized, it enables a west-boundtrain approaching in clearing section'e to clear west-bound signal D, but when deenergized it serves to prevent west-bound signal D from being cleared by a retreating east-bound train in track section 6. west-bound train in track section 6 will not denergiz'e relay 23 because such train has no effect upon the setting circuit of this relay although it does open at 28 the restoring circuit 10f this-relay. The setting and restoring circuits of auxiliary relay 7 3- operate on this relay 'in a way similar to the operation of the setting and restoring circuits of relay- The 23 upon relay 23, and relay 73 may be termed a selector relay for a similar reason.

In the case of opposing trains entering track sections a and 6 at the same time, priority of action of control relays 16 and 66 will determine which signal will 'be cleared and, when once clear, it cannot be reversed by the opposing traln.

The system, as above described, has the special advantage that it embraces electrically interlocked control relays and circuits for controlling signals selectively in advance of the train, the selective control being such that when a signal is once clear, it cannot be reversed by an opposing train movement in the opposite clearing section, Another special advantage of the system results from the employment of the auxiliary or selector relays which are brought into action in the rear of the train at the outgoing end of the block for preventing the signal for the opposite direction from clearing behind the retreating train. Such clearing action would mean only a waste of power.

It will be seen that the selector relay 23 has its setting circuit connected with the control circuit of control relay 16 and is energized by battery 2. It will also be seen that this selector relay 23 is deenergized by an east-bound train from the time it enters track section a until the restoring circuit is closed at contact 28 when this'train passes out of track section 6. It is not necessary however, that relay 23 be deenergized until just before the train passes out of the block at track section 03, because control relay 16 has its circuits successively broken by the east-bound train at contacts 4, 8 and 10. Hence, while these breaks are effective against the energization of relay 16 the break at contact 18 is not necessary;

Selector relays 23 and 7 3 may therefore be each included in a local circuit so that the relays are not deenergized or set until just before a train passes out of the block. Such an arrangement is shown in Fig. 2. Y

InFig. 2 thecircuits and connections are the same as'in Fig. 1 except with reference to selector relays 23 and 73. The setting circuit for relay 23 is as follows :from battery 52, wire 31, front contact 30 of track relay 65, wire 20, contact 21., wire 22, relay 23, wire 24, wire 1", common return wire 1 to battery.

The restoring circuit for this relay is the same as that traced to contact 30, thence through wire 29, contact 28, wire 27 relay,

-i an from battery 2, wire 81, contact 80 of track relay 6, wire 70, contact 71, wire 752.,relay 73, wire 7 1, wire 1 back to battery. The restoring circuit for this relay 73 may be traced as before to contact 80, thence through wire 79, contact 78, wire 77, and re lay 73 to battery asbei ore. In this case'an extra finger for contact 80 is required to be operated by track relay 7) and two fingers are required for the contacts 78 and 61 instead of having onefinger to work between these two contacts. I

When an east-bound train enters on track section a, its effect upon control relays 66 and 16 and on signals A and D are the same as in Fig. 1. But no eitect is produced on selector relay 23. When the train passes through track section Z) and 0, it produces the same results as in Fig. v1, except as to relay 23. When the train enters track section (23 it breaks for the first time the setting circuit for relay 23 by opening the contact 30 and thereby setting relay 23 so as to open contact 18 in the circuit of relay 16. When the train enters track section 6 and passes there-out, its action is the same as in Fig. 1. In a west-bound train movementa similar action takes place.

Fig. 3 shows the invention organized into a system in which the signals stand normally at safety or clear.- In the normally clear system a train-in a preliminary track section does not clear the signal in advance of it because the signal is already normally at clear. Hence, the control relay associated with a prelininary track section controls only the signal at the farther end of the block. In Figs. 1 and 2 each control relay controls the signals at both ends of the block. The circuits in Fig. 3 are the same as those shown in Fig. 1 with a few modifications made necessary in organizing the cir-' cuits into a normally clear system. The same reference numerals are therefore employed in Fig. 3 as are employed in Fig. '1. In Fig.3 circuit controllers on the signals are not required and therefore the circuit controllers 6 and 56 shown in Fig. 1 are omitted. Hence, in Fig. 3, wires 5' and 55 are connected directly to the circuit controllers which cooperate respectively with con; tacts 8 and 58. Also in Fig. 3-front contact is omitted and wire 76 is connected to Wire 63. Also front contact 25 is omitted and wire 26 is connected to wire 13. As a result of these two changes, the signal circuit of signal A is energized from battery- 52 instead of from battery 2, as in Fig.1; and the signal circuit of signal D is energized from battery 2, instead of from battery 52, as in Fig. 1.

The signal circuit for signal A is from battery 52, through contacts and wires 53,

54., 55', 5s, 59, c0, c1, 62, 76, signal A,'1, 1.

to battery.

The signal circuit for signal D is from battery2, through wires and contacts 3, 4t, 5, s, 9, 10, 11, 12, 26, signal 1), 1", 1 to battery.

These circuits, which are normally closed, hold the signals normally at clear and when deenergized, the signals are put to danger.

In the operation of the system, an eastbound train 011 track section a closes at 64 the circuit of control relay 66. This circuit is the same as in- Fig. 1. Control relay 66, being now energized, opens at contacts l the normally closed'circuit of signal D and puts that signal to danger. The operation of relay 66 does not afiect signal A. When the 'train enterstrack section Z), it breaks at contacts 8 and 62 the circuits of both signals, thereby putting signal A to danger and holding signal D at danger. The break at contact 8 also breaks the circuit of auxiliary relay 23 which circuit was broken at contact 4 when the train was on section at. These circuits are kept broken by the action of the train on the track relays inside the block as the train proceeds. When the train passes out of track section d and enters sec-.

tion 6, the. circuit of signal D closes at contact 12 and restores the signal to its normal safety position behind the train. The break in the circuit of signal A also closes at contact 58 and this signal goes to its normally clear position. The presence of the train in track section 6 does not energize control relay 16, although the break at contact 14:

closes, because of the break at contact18 1n the circuit of control relay 16. This break was made byfthe previous breakingv of thesetting circuit of auxiliary relay 23. \Vhe'n the train passes ofl of track section 0, the restoring circuits of relay 23 is closed at contact 28 and the circuits restored to normal condition. For a west-bound train on track section 6 control relay 16 will be energized by the closing of its circuit at contact 14. This breaks at contact 5 1 the signal circuit of signal A and puts that signal to danger. As the train proceeds through the block, the operation of-the system is"substantially thesame as that described for an east-bound train movement in the opposite. direction.

Itis to be noted that the selective control of relay 23 takes place with reference'to signal A and not with reference to signal- D, whereas, in Figs. 1 and 3, such selectivev In the arrangement shown in Fig. 4:, the

auxiliary or selector relays 73' and 23 directly control the signals with which they 7 are associated by opening and closing the motor circuits of these ,signals'iristead of effecting such control through the control circuits as is done in'Figs., 1, 2 and 3; An-

other feature of Fig.4 is the extension of the control of each signal-so as to include the preliminary section beyond the opposite end'of the block. In other words, after the train has passed out of the block and so long as it is in a preliminary track se'ction the signal at the farther end of the block cannot be cleared by a following train.

The circuits in Fig.4 are quite similar to those in Fig. 2 'with a few exceptions, Which will now be stated. Control relay 66' is connectedby wires 82 and 74 to wire 1. Battery 2 is connected by wire 81 to contact 68 and the circuitcontrollers. for contacts 68 and 4 are connected together byv wire 83. One side of control relay 16 is connected by wires 84 and 24 to wire 1".

Battery '52 is connected by wire 31 to.contact 18 and circuit controllers for. contacts 54-and 18 are connectedtogether by wire 85.

The local motor. circuit for west-bound signal D is as follows :from battery 52,

through wires and-contacts 31, 18, 85, nor ma'lly open contact 25, wire 26, motor device of signal D, wire 1" to battery. This.

- circuit, 'it'will be'seen, is directly controlled by auxiliary. relay 23 a-t oontact 18.

The local motor circuit for eastbound signal .A

. is as follows :.from battery- 2, through wires and contacts? 81,68, 83, normally open contact 75,.wire-7d, signal A, wire 1' to battery. "This circuit, it will be seen, is directly controlled by auxiliary relay 73 at contact 68; In other respects the circuits are, the

' operation is as follo\ys: -When a train en ters prelimlnary traclg section a it closes-atsameasshown inFig. 2.

-For an east-bound train movement, the

contact 64 the norinally'open control circuit of control. relay 661 ,CQIllZEIC-iifis thereby closed and signal A put toclear.

The control circuit of control relay16 is also.

broken at contact 4 by the action of relay 66. It will -be sufficient to trace the circuit of control relay 66 which has just been closed; from battery 52, through wires and contacts 64, 65, relay 66, wires.82, 74 and 1' to battery. When the train enters the block, track relay 6 will be deenergized thereby opening contacts 8, 62 and 80. -When' contact opens, auxiliary relay 73 is deenergized thereby'opening contact 68 in the motor cir cuit of signal A and putting signal A to danger behind the train. When the train enters traclrsection (Z, track relay (1 will be deenergized thereby opening contacts 12, 58 and 30. The opening of contact 30 de energizes auxiliary relay 23 which thereupon opens contacts 21 and 18. When the train has passed out of track section d and is in track section e,-the closed condition for back contact 14 of track relay will close the circuit for control relay 16 thereby closingcontact 25 and opening contact 54. The 7 closing of contact 25 does not clear signal .D because of the previous break at contact 18. The opening of contact54 breaks at this point the circuit of control relay 66 and thereby prevents a ,following train in track section a from clearing signal A. When the train passes: out oftrack section 6,- contact 28 closes to close the restoring circuit through auxiliary relay 23. Also contact 14 opens therebydeenergizing control relay 16 and restoring the circuits to nor- .mal condition sothat. a following train in track section a may now clear signal A. Thus,-it will be seen, that signal A has overlap control through track section 6 and" signal D has overlap control through track section a. According to the'usual practice now ,in vogue in single track signaling, such na'l at one end of the block only. To effect this result in'Fig. 4, it will only be necessary extended overlap control is given to the sigw to arrange the circuits at one end of the block in the same way as they are arranged at one end of the block in Fig. 2.

'It is obvious that the circuits in Figs. 1

-and 3 maybe modified as shown in Fig. 4

so that the auxiliary relays open and close the motor circuits instead of the control circuits and;that such arrangement would extendthe overlap control of the signals.

The selective control'of signals is shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and Les applied to only two opposing signals, It will readily be understood by thoseex erienced in the art of railwaysignaling t at the invention may be readily applied to'a greater number of opposing or conflicting signals, as for example, atsi ngle traolr crossings,- double track crossin'gs, single and double track crossings and 'as herein used, means any track zone over which conflicting traffic is conducted under the protection of signals.

The selector relays .23 and 73lwiththeir setting and restoring circuits, as hereinbe' fore described, are in tact stick relays having pick-up and holding circuits, the pick- I u I up circuit being heretofore referredto as the ence to. whether one'or both of'said circuits is normally closed or normally open. It will be noted that each of said relays has control over the signal at the distant end of'the block in such a manner that When a train is on a preliminary section and about to enter the block at one 'end, it takes control of the signal at the distant end of the block so that if the signal is normally at danger it can not .be cleared by a train desiring to enter the distant end of the block or if the signal is normally at clear, it will be put to danger.

It will also be seen that by means of these stick relays, as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, a train retreating from the block at one end and on the preliminary section at that end loses its control over the signal at the distant end as soon as it passes out of the block-so that a following train may enter the block 7 at the distant end, passing a clear signal,

without waiting until the first mentioned train has gone beyond the preliminary section referred to.

This action of a stick relay will be appreciated upon the following reference to Fig. 1. A west-bound train moving toward the left in Fig. 1 in track section e breaks at 54;

the holding circuit of stick relay 73, thereby making a break at 68 in the circuit of magnet 66 and holding signal A at danger. This action is possible because of stick relay 23 which, being already energized through its holding circuit, holds contact 18 closed in I the circuit of magnet 16, and the train in se ction'e. Thus it is-that stick relay 23 p'revents control over signal A by an east-bound T train in track section e but permits such conpreliminary track section 6 may therefore act to energize magnet 16. Hence, stick relay 23 enables the train whilein track section 6 to take control of signal A. )n the other hand, an east-bound train moving to the right in section a? breaks at'contact 12 the holding circuit of stick relay 23, thereby broken at contact 28 and closes again only after the train has passed on east beyond trol by a west-bound train in track section 6. Stick relay 73 has a similar action, as will be understood, with respect to signal D.

It will be understood, of course, that the signals A and D may be arranged, one or both, to stand normally at clear as well as danger. Where a signal stands normally at clear a train, while on a preliminary track section and approaching the block, would, of course, not take control of the signal guarding the block at that end, Such control would be unnecessary because the signal is normally at clear. r

T he various features and combinations thereof herein shown and described, particularly those pointed out in the claims, maybe used with advantage in various organiza tions and systems other than those, specifically shown in thedrawings without departing from'the invention.

The term clear and safety as applied to the proceed position of the signals herein described are-to bG'lll'ldGIStOOd as not necessarily limited to an absolute clear indica They may -mean merely proceed.

ing pick-up and holding circuits controlled sequentially by a train as it passes out of and retreats'from the block to prevent the train after it has left the block. from controlling the signal at the distant end of the block; and track circuits adapted to be operated by a train in the blockand controlling both of said control relays.

2. In a block signaling system, the combination of signals governing opposing train movements through the block; a control relay for each signal, each relay controlling its own signal and the other relay, whereby the operation of one relay to change the indication of its signal acts to free itself from control by the other relay; track circuits adaptcontrolling both of said control relays; preliminary track circuits beyond the ends of the block, each controlling the control relay for its end of the block; andja stick relay having'pick-up and holding circuits controlled sequentially by a train as it passes out of and circuit at that end of the block from coned to be operated by a train in the block and i block.

3. In a block signaling system, thecombination of signals governing opposing train movements through the block; a control rela'y for each signal, each relay controlling its own signal and the other relay, whereby the operation of one relay to change theindication of its signal acts to free itself from .control by the other relay; track circuits adapted to be operated by a train in the distance beyond sai block and controlling both of said control relays; an auxiliary relay controlling each control relay; and setting and restoring circuits for each auxiliary relay, said setting circuit operating on its auxiliary relay to cause the relay to exercise its;controlling when an east-bound'train has passed out of the block and a predetermined distance beyond said West-bound signal; and track circu'its operable by a train in the block and controlling both of said control relays.

6. In a signaling system, the combination of a west-bound signal normally at danger;

a track section outside the block; a track section inside theblock; a control relay for said signal and operable from the outside track section to cause the signal to operate;

, an auxiliary relay controllingthe operation action over the controlrelay, arid said re-.

l, stor ng circuit operating to restore 1ts auxlliary'relay to normal condition after it has been operated by the setting circuit.

4. In a signaling system, the combination with a block of the track, of east and west bound signals guarding the block, an east,

iary relay operating to restore said auxiliary relay when awest bound train has passed out of the block and a predetermined distance beyond said east-bound signal; a westbound auxiliary relay controllingthe westvbound signal; a controlling circuit for said west-bound auxiliary relay control-ledby a restoring circuit for said east-bound auxiltrain while it is in the block' and a restoring circuit for said West-bound auxiliary relay operating to restore said auxlliary relay when an east-bound train has passed'out of the block and a predetermined distance beyond said westbound signal.

5. In a signaling system, the with a block of the track, of east and west bound signals guarding the block, an eastbound control relay and a circuit therefor; a; west-bound control relay and a circuit therefor; each relay/controlling its associated signal;.van east-bound auxiliary relay" controlling'the east-bound signal; a control-.

combination of the signal; a controlling circuit for the auxiliary relay caused to operate by the action of a train in said inside track section, and a restoring circuit for said auxiliary relayoperating to restore said auxiliary relaywhen an east-bound train leaves said outside track section.

7. In a signaling system, the combination 'yvitlia block of the track; of a signal guard- 111;; an entrance to the block; a control relay for said signal; an auxiliary relay controlling said signal and itself operated by two sequential circuits, the first of said clrcuits being caused to be operated by the action of.

a train .while it is in the block, "and the'second of said circuits operating to restore said auxlliary relay when said train has passed out of the block and a predetermined distance therefrom. l r

. 8. In a single track signalingsystem, the. combination with a block of the track, of

east and west-bound signals guarding the,

block; a preliminary track section adjacent to and beyond each end of said block; east and West-bound control relays for said signals, each relay beingoperable from its its signal to operate; east and west-bound auxlliary'relays respectively controlling said signals; a controlling clrciut for each ofsaid auxiliary relays caused to operate by the action of a train in the block; a restoring -.circuit for each of said auxiliary relays,

ling circuit for said eastbound auxiliary re lay controlled by a train While it is inthe block; a restoring circuitfor said east-bound auxiliary relay operating to restore said auxiliary relay when; a west-bound train has passed out of the blockand a predetermined West-bound auxiliary lay-controlling the west-bound signal; acoiitrolling circuit for said West-bound. auxiliary relay controlled 'by'a train while it is in'the block; a restoring circuit for said west-bound auxiliary re- :layoperating torestore said auxiliary relay 'eachof said restoring circuits operating to restore its auxiliary relay when a train re treating from the block has passed beyond said preliminary track section.

9. In :a single track signaling system, the combination with a block of the track, of

least and, west-bound signals guarding theblock; apreliminary track section adjacent to andib'eyond each end of said block; east and west-bound control relays for said sige ast-bound" signal; a

'nals, each relaycontrolling the other relay and being operable'iroin its associated preliminarytrack section to cause its signal it operateyeastand west-bound auxiliary relays respectively controlling said signals; a vcontrolling circuit for each of said auxiliary relays caused to operate by the action of a train in the block; a restoring circuit for each f ofsald auxiliary relays, each of associated preliminary track section to cause are iniaeea said restoring circuits operating to restore its auxiliary relay when a train retreating to the block; a control relay For said signal caused to be operated by the action of a west-bound train approaching said signal to set it to clear; an auxiliary relay controlling saidcontrol relay; a controlling circuit for the auxiliary relay controlled by a trainin the block; and a restoring circuit for said auxiliary relay operating to restore said auxiliary relay when an east-bound train retreating vfrom the block has passed beyond a predetermined distance therefrom.

11. In a normal danger single track signaling system, the combination of a block of the track; cast and westbound signals normally at danger guarding the block; a signal circuit for each signal; east and ,westbound control relays, each controlling its associated signal circuit and the other relay; preliminary track circuits beyond the ends of the block,- each controlling the control relay for its end of the block, whereby the operation ot a control relay from its associated preliminary track circuit sets its associated signal to clear and frees itself from control by the other control relay; east and West-bound auxiliary relays respectively bound control relays, each controlling'its associated signal circuit and the other relay;

track circuits in the block controlling saidcontrol relays preliminary track circuits beyond the en s of the .block,each controllingthe'control relay for its end of the block whereby the operation of a control relay by its"associated-preliminary track circuit sets its associated signal to clear and frees itself from control by the other control relay and a sticl; relay having pick-up and holding cir'c'ui l's controlled sequentially by atrain as it passes out of and retreatsfromthe block to prevent the train when it isfloloerat ing the preliminary track circuit at tliatend of'the block from controllingthe signal at the near end of the block. g

13. In a normal danger single track sig.

naling system, the combination of a block" of the track; east and west-bound signals normally at danger guarding the block; a signal circuit for each signal; east and westbound control relays, each controlling its associated signal circuit and the other 'relay;.

track circuits in the block controlling said control relays; preliminary track circuits beyond the ends of the block, each controlling the control relay for its end of the block, whereby the operation of 'a control relay from its associated preliminary track circuit sets its associated signal to clear and trees ,itself from control by 'the other control re-' lay; east and west-bound auxiliary relays respectively controlling said signals; a controlling circuit for each auxiliary relay caused to operate by the action of a trainin the block; and a restoring circuit for each auxiliary relayoperating to restore said auxiliary relay when a train has retreated a predetermined distance beyond the block.

14, In a block signaling system, the combination of signals governing opposing train movements through the block; one or more traclr circuits adapted to be operated by a trainin a block and controlling both of said signals; preliminary track circuits beyond the ends of the block; a control relayfor each signal having a circuit extending throughout the block, the control relay for each signal being controlled by a prelimi-' nary track circuit and controlling the con trol relay for the other signal.

15. In a block signaling system, the combination with a block of the track; of a track.

the block and in said inside trackv section;

and a restoring circuit for said auxiliary relay operating to restore said auxiliary relay when a train. leaves said outside track section.

; 16. In a block 'si nalingv system, the combination with a bloc r of the track; of, a track section inside the block; a track section outside the block; track circuits for said inside androutside track sections; asignal at one end of the block and guarding the entrance thereto; a control relay for said signal. and controllable from said outside track circuit by a train approaching the block to cause the signal to operate; an auxiliary relay controlling said signal; a controlling. circuit for said auxiliary relay controllable through said inside track circuit by a train departing fromthe' block; and a restori'ng circuit for.

said auxiliaryirelay controllable through the I outside track circuit by said departing train upon leaving said outside track section.

'17. In a block signaling system, the comblock; a preliminary track section adjacent to and beyond each end of the block; control relays for said signals associated with said track sections, each control relay being operable from its associated track section; auxiliary relays respectively controlling. said signals; a controlling circuit for each of said auxiliary relays caused to operate by the ac-. tion of a train in the block; a restoring circuit for each of said auxiliary relays, each of said restoring; circuits being caused to operate to restore its auxiliary relay from its associated preliminary track section when a train retreating from the block has passed beyond said preliminary track section.

18. In a block signaling system, the combination with a block of the track; east bound and west-bound signals guarding the block; a preliminary track section adjacent to and beyond each end of the block; control relays for said signals associated with said track sections; each control relay being operable from its associated track section and controlling the signal at the farther end of the block; auxiliary relays respectively controlling said signals; a controlling circuit for each of said auxiliary relays caused to operate by the action of a train in the block; a restoring circuit for each .of said auxiliary relays, each of said restoring circuits being caused to operate to restore said auxiliary relay from its associated preliminary track section when a train retreating from the block has passed beyond said preliminary track section. 1 y

19. In a signaling system, the combination with a block of the track; of a signal guarding an entrance to the block; a. control relay for said signal; a stick relay controlling saidsignal and itself operated by two sequential circuits, the first of said circuits being caused to be operated by the action of a train before it has passed out of the block toexercise a controlling effect upon the signal, and the second of said circuits operating to control said stick relay to .continue the controlling effect upon the signal until said bination with a block of the track; eastbound and west-bound signals guarding the block; a preliminary track section adjacent to and beyond each end of the block; control relays for said signals associated with said track sections; each control relay being operable from its associated track section and'controlling the signal at the farther end of the block; auxiliary relays respectively controlling said signals; a controlling circuit for each of said auxiliary relays caused to operate by the action of a train in the block to render the signals inoperative; a second circuit foreach of said auxiliary relays controlled by a preliminary track section, each of said second circuits controlling its auxilia-ry relay to render the corresponding sig nal operative when a train retreating from the block has lay for the control of said signaling device,

and contacts and connections controlled by the track relays and acting when the track relays are operated by the passage of a car or train in one direction to control said stick relay to render the signal inoperative and to retain said control until the car"0r train loses control of thesecond track relay, said contacts and connections being inoperative to so control the stick relay when the track relays are operated by the passage of a car or train in the other direction.

22. In a block signal system; a trackway composed of rails; means to divide the trackway into a forward track'circuit secpassed beyond its preliminary track section.

of current, one connected to the rails of each section; translating devices, one connected to the rails of each section; a stick relay; a signal; a normally open circuit including said signal; a plurality of circuits including the stick relay; a source of current included in said circuits; said translating devices and stick relay being governed by the passage of a train over said trackway for closing said signal circuit by the entrance and presence of a train upon said rear section which if it continued its movement would'pass upon said forward section and for preventing the closing of said signal circuit by the presence of a train upon said rear section which entered said rear section from said forward section. v

23. In a signaling system, the combination with a block of the track; of a signal guarding an entrance to the block; a stick relay controlling said signal and itself operated by two sequential circuits, the first of said circuits-being caused to be operated by the action of a train before it has passed out of the block to exercise a controlling effect upon the signal, and the second of said circuits operating to control said stick relay to continue the controlling effect upon the signal until said train has passed out of the block and a predetermined distance therefrom.

.24. In a signaling system, the combination with a block of the track; of a signal guarding an entrance to the block; a stickrelay controlling said signal and itself operated by two sequential circuits,

the block to exercise a controlling effect the first of said circuits being caused to be operated by the. action of a train before it has passed out of are cuits operating to control said stick relay to continue the controlling elfectupon the signal until said train' has passed out of the block and a, predetermined distance therefrom; and a signal guarding the other entrance to the block, both of said signals heing controlled by a train in the block moving in either direction.

25. In a signaling system, the combination With a block of the track; of a signal guarding an entrance to the block; a stick relay controlling said signal and itself operated by two sequential circuits, the first of said circuits being caused to be operated by the action of a train before it has passed out of the block to exercise a controlling effect upon the signal, and the second of said circuits operating to control said stick relay to con; tinue the controlling effect upon the signal until said train has passed out of the block and a predetermined distance therefrom; and a signal guarding the other entrance to the block,'both of said signals being controlled by a train in the block moving in either direction, said stick relay preventing a train retreating from and outside of the block from controlling said first mentioned signal.

26. In combination, two trackrelays successively operated by the passage of a,.car or train, a railway signaling device, a stick relay for the control of said signaling device, and contacts and connections controlled by the track relays and acting when the track relays are operated by the passage of a car or train in one direction to control said stick relay to render the signaling device inoperative and to retain said control until the car or train loses control of the second track relay, said contacts and connections being inoperative to, so control the stick relay when the track relays are operated by the passage of a car or train in the other direction, and a second signaling device, said stick relay acting to prevent the car or train when traveling in the direction first mentioned from controlling said second signaling device when said car or train is operatin said second track relay. v

27. In a signaling system, the combination with a block of the track; of an east-bound signal guarding the entrance to the block at the west end; a preliminary track section outside the block at the east end; means controlling said east-bound signal by the'action trances to the block; east and west prelimiof a west-bound train insaid preliminary track section; a stick relay having a pick-up circuit and a holding circuit controlled sequentially by an eastbound train passing out of the block and over said preliminary track section to' prevent said means from controlling said east-bound signal by the action of said train in said preliminary track section.

28. In a signaling system, the combination with a block of the track; of an east-bound signal guarding the entrance to the block at the west end and controlled by a train in the block moving in either direction; a preliminary track section outside the block at the east end; means controlling said east-bound signal by the action of a west-bound train in said preliminary track section; a stick relay having a pick-up circuit and a holding circuit controlled sequentially by an eastbound train passing out of the block and over said preliminary track section to pre vent said means from controlling said east bound signal by the action of said train in said preliminary track section.

29. In a signalingsystem. the combination with a block of the track; of an east-bound signal guarding the entrance to the block at the west end a preliminary track section outside the block at the east end; a track relay for said preliminary'track section: a control relay controlled by said track relay and itself controlling said east-bound signal by the action of a westbound train in said preliminary track section; a stick relay having a pick-up circuit and a holding circuit controlled sequentially by an east-bound train passing out of the block and over said preliminary track section to prevent said control relay from controlling said eastbound signal by the-action of said train in said preliminary track section.

30. In a signaling system, the combination with a block of the track; of an east-bound signal guarding the entrance to the block at the west end; a preliminary track section outside the block at the east end; a track relay for said preliminary track section; a control relay controlled by'said track relay and by the action of a train in the block moving in'either direction and itself controlling said east-bound signal by the action of a west-bound train in said preliminary track section; a stick relay having a pickup cir cuit and a holding circiut controlled sequentially by an east-bound train passing out of the block and over said preliminary track section to'prevent said control relay from controlling said eastbound signal by the action of said train in said preliminary track section.

31. In a signaling system, the combination with a block of the track; east-bound and west-bound signals guarding the ennary track sections outside the block at each end; means controlling the east-bound signal by the action of a west-bound train in the east preliminary track section; means controlling the westbound signal by the action of an east-bound train in the west preliminary track section; a stick relay having a pick-up circuit and a holding circuit controlled sequentially by an east-bound train passing out of the block and over the east preliminary track section torprevent the east-bound signal from being controlled by the action of said eastbound train in the east preliminary track section.

32. In a signaling system, the combination With a block ofthe track; east-bound and West-bound signals guarding the entrances to the block; east and west preliminary track sections outside the block at each end; means controlling the east-bound sig nal by theaction of a West-bound train in the east preliminary tracksection; means controlling the West-bound signal by the action of an east-bound train in the'west preliminary track section; a stick relay hav: ing a pick-up circuit ad a holding circuit controlled sequentially by an eastebound train passing out of the block andover the east preliminary track section to prevent the east east preliminary tr'ack section; a stick relay having a pick-up. circuit and a holding circuit controlled sequentially by a west-bound train passing out of the block and over the West preliminary track section to prevent the westbound signal from being controlled by the action of said West-bound train in the West preliminary track section; v

33. In a signaling system, the combination With a block of the track; east-bound and Westbound signals guarding the entrances to the block; a preliminary track section outside the block at the east end; means controlling said east-bound signal by the action ofa West bound train in said preliminary tracksection; a stick relay having a pick-up circuit and a holding circuit controlled sequentially, by an east-bound train passing out of the block and'over'said preliminary track section to prevent said means from. controlling .both of said signals by the action of said east-bound train in said preliminary track section.

34. In a'signalin system, the combina-' tion With a. block- 0 the track; of an east bound signal guarding the entranceto theblock at the West end a preliminary track section outside the block at the east end; means controlling. said east-bound signalby' the action of a West-hound train in said preliminary track section; 'a West-bound signal guarding the entrance to the block at the east end; a control relay for the Westbound signal and itself controlled by a train in the block moving in either direction; and a stick relay having a pick-up circuit and a holding circuit controlled sequentially by an east-bound train passing out of the block and over said preliminary track section to prevent said means from controlling said east-bound signal by the,

ound-signal from being controlled by' .the action ofsaid east-bound trainin the action of said east-bound liminary track section. v

35. In a signaling system, the combination With a block of the track east-bound and train in said pre- West-bound signals guarding the, entrancesto the block; a preliminary track section outside the block at the east end; a track relay for said preliminary track section; a control relay controlled by said track relay and by the action of a"train inthe block moving in either direction and itself controlling said east-bound signal by the action of a West-bound train in said preliminary track section; a stick relay having a pick-up circuit and a holding circuit controlled se-' quentially by an east-bound? train passing track section to prevent said control relay from controlling both of said signals by the action of saidveast-bound train in said preliminary track section.

36. In a signaling system, the combination with a block of the track; of an eastbound signal guarding the entra'nce to the block at the West end; a preliminary track section outside the block at the east end;- a track relay for said preliminary track section; a control relay controlled by said track relay and by the action of a train in the action of said east-bound. train in said' preliminary track section.

37.-Ina signaling system, the combination With a block of the track; east-bound and Westbound signals guarding the en trances to the block; east and West preliminary track sections outside the "block at each end; means controlling the east-bound signal by the action of a West-bound train in the east preliminary track section; ,means controlling the West-bound signal by thev action of an east-bound train in the West preliminary tracksection; a stick relay having a pick-up circuit and a holding circuit controlled sequentially by an east-bound train passing out of the block and over the east preliminary track section to prevent both of said signals from being controlled by the action of said eastbound train in the east preliminary track section.

38. Ina signaling system, the combina 80 out of the block andoversaid preliminary end; means controlling the east-bound sig-,

nal by the vaction of a west-bound train in" the east preliminary track section; means controlling the west-bound signal by the action of an east-bound train 1n the west preliminary track section; a stick relay having a pick-up circuit and a holding circuit controlled sequentially by aneast-bound train passing opt of the block and over the i stop indication while the car or train occu-- east preliminary track section to prevent both ofsaid signals from being controlled by the action of said east-bound train in the east preliminary track section; a stick relay having a pickup circuit'and a holding circuit controlled. sequentially by a westbound train passing out of the block and over the west preliminary track section to prevent both of said signals from being controlled by the action of said west-bound train in the west preliminary track section.

39. In combination, a stretch of railway track, a signal, track relays and sources of current connected with the rails of said stretch; and means including an auxiliary relay controlled by said track relays when operated in one sequence by the passage of a car or train along the stretch in one direction for causing said signal to maintain a stop indication while the car or train occupies the track up to a certain point in advance of the signal, and means including said auxiliary relay controlled by said track relays when operated in another sequence by the passage of a car or train along the stretch in the other direction for causing the signal to maintain a stop indication while the car or train occupies the track in advance of the signal up to another point.

40. In combination, a stretch of railway track, a signal, track relays and sources of current connected with the rails of said stretch; and means including an auxiliary relay controlled by said track relays when operated in one sequence by the passage of 'a car or train along the stretchin the direction inwhich traffic is governed by said signal for causing said signal to maintain a pies the track up. to a certain pointin advance of the signal, and means including said auxiliary relay controlled by said track relays when operated in another sequence by the passage of a car or train in the other direction through the stretch for causing said signal to maintain a stop indication while the car or train'occupies'the track up to a point farther in advance of'the signal than before.

41. In combination, a stretch of railway track, two track sections, track relays and.

sources of current connected with the rails of the track sections, a signal for governing traffic in one direction through said sections and adapted to indicate stop and proceed, means including an auxiliary relay controlled by the track relays when operated in one sequence by the passage of a car or train through the stretch in the direction in which the signal governs tratlic for causing said signal to maintain a stop indication while the car or train occupies the first of said sections in advance of the signal, and means including said auxiliary relay controlled by the track relays when operated in another sequence by the passage of a car or train through the stretch in the other direction for causing the signal to indicate stop while the car or train occupies either section.

42. In combination, a stretch of railway track, two track sections, track relays and sources of current connected with the rails of the sections, an auxiliary relay, means controlled by said track relays when operated in one sequence by the passage of a car or train through the stretch in one direction for operating said auxiliary relay while the. car or train occupies the firstv oi said sections and for holding it so operated while the car or train occupies the second section, said means being ineftective'to so operate the auxiliary relay when the track relays are operatcd in another sequence by the passage of a car ortrain in the other direction until the caror train has passed out of the said second section and into said first section, a signal governing trafiic through the said fir'stsection in the said secondmentioned direction, and a, circuit for controlling said signalwhich circuit is controlled by a contact of said auxiliary relay.

43. In combination, two successive sec-.

tions of a railway track and a track circuit for each section including a track relay, a signal governing traflic through the first section, a relay and its circuit for controlling said signal by'the track relays for both sections when said track relays are operated in 'one sequence, and means controlled by said track relays when operated in another sequence by the passage of a train through said sections in the direction governed by said signal for removing said signal from the control of the track relay for the second section.

44. In combination, two successive sections ated in one sequence by the passage of a train through the sections in one direction for operating said auxiliary relay while tion occupies the last-mentioned section,-and

a signal controlled by said auxiliary relay.

45. A stretch of track divided into track circuit sections each including a track relay; a signal for governing trafiic in one direction of the stretch; a relay for controlling said signal; a circuit for controlling said relay; means for interrupting'said circuit when a predetermined portion of said stretch of track is occupied; and means for rendering said means ineffective when a train having entered into said stretch moving in said direction of traffic occupies said predetermined portion.

46. A stretch of track divided into track circuit sections each including a track relay; a signal having a stop aspect and a proceed aspect for governing traffic in one direction ofthe stretch; a relay for cohtrolling said signal; a circuit for controlling saidrelay; means for interrupting said circuit when a predetermined portion of said stretch of track is occupied; a device adapted to be governed electrically; means gov-' erned by. said device for rendering said means ineffective; and means controlled jointly by said predetermined portion and another portion of said stretch of track for controlling said device tocausesaid first mentioned means to be ineffective 'When a train havingentered' said stretch moving in said direction occupies said predetermined. portion. p

47. A stretch of track divided into track .circuit sections; a slgnal for governing trafiic in one direction of said stretch; a circuit for governing said signal, said circuit being interrupted-when a portion of said stretch is occupied; means for interrupting said circuit When another portion of said stretch of track in advance of the first mentioned portion is occupied; and means in cluding a stick relay for renderin said last mentioned means ineffective when a train having entered the stretch of track in sald dlrectien of traffic occupies sald second men- J tioned portion of the stretch of track.

48. A stretch of track divided into track circuit ections; a signal for governing trafdirection of said stretch; means -c i by a predetermined track circuit centre section of said stretch for-causin said si nal to be in a predetermined position when that track circuit'section is occupied; and

means including a stick relay controlled jointly by said predetermined track circuit sectionand by another track circuit section adjacent thereto for modifying the controlling ..-u ence of said first means to thereby portion of said stretch oftrack is occupied; a device adapted to be governed electrically;

means controlled by said device for rendering said means ineffective; two controlling circuits for said device; oneofsaid controlling circuits for saiddevice being governed jointly by said predetermined portion of said stretch of track and another portion of said stretch of track; and the other of said controlling circuits for the said device being governed separately by one only of said portion's.

50. A stretch of track divided into track circuit sections; a signal having a stop as pect and a proceed aspect; a circuit for govern'ing said signal and causing said signal to indicate stop when interrupted; means for'interrupting said circuit when a predetermined portion of said stretch is occupied; an auxiliary relay; means controlled by said relay for rendering said means ineffective;

an energizing circuit for said relay con- I trolled jointly by said predetermined portion and another portion of said stretch of rendering said first mentioned means ineffective; an energizing circuit for said auXiliary relay controlled jointly by said predetermined portion and another portion of said stretch of track; and a maintaining circuit for said auxiliary relay which is initially effective only when said relay is energized and which is controlled by' one of said portions of track.

52. A stretch of track divided into track circuit sections; a relay; a circuit controller governed by said relay and closed when that relay is energized; two controlling circuits for said relay, one of said controlling circuits being controlled jointly by two portions of said stretch of track, the other of said circuits including said circuit controller and being controlled separately by only one of said portions of said stretch of track; and a signal for governing tral'llc controlled by said relay. 7

53. A stretch of track divided into track circuit sections; a signal for governing traflie in one direction of said stretch; a relay;

a circuit controller governed by said relay and closed When that relay is energized; a circuit for controlling said relay governed jointly by a track circuit section on each side of said signal; and another controlling circuit for said relay including said circuit controller and governed by the track circuit section ahead, of the signal and independently of the track circuit section in the rear of said signal in the direction of tratiic governed thereby; and means 'for governing said signal controlled. by said relay.

54-. A stretch of track divided into track circuit sections; two signals for governing traiiic in opposite directions of said stretch; a stick relay associated with each signal; a circuit controller governed by each stick relay and closed when the corresponding relay is in its normal condition; and a circuit for controlling each signal including the circuit controller governed by the stick relay associated with the opposin signal.

55. A stretch of track divided into track circuit sections; a first signal and a second signal for governingtraffic over said stretch in opposite directions and each having a biased position and an operated position; a I

stick relay for automatically governing the first signal in accordance with the direction of movement of trains; a circuit controller governed by the second signal and closed when that signal is in its biased position; and a circuit for controlling said stick relay including said circuit controller.

56. A stretch of single track divided .into track circuit sections; a signal located at each end of said stretch ofsingle track for governing traliic in opposite directions; a stick relay for governing each signal; and a controlling circuit for each stick relay which is governed by all of the track cir cuit sections in said stretch.

57. A stretch of track divided into track circuit sections; signals for governing traf'lic in oposite directions over a predetermined portion of said stretch; a circuit for controlling each signal; said circuits being controlled by the t'ack circuit sections of said predetermined"portion of said stretch and being interrupted when any one of these track circuit sections is occupied by a train; means for interrupting the controlling circuit for each signal when a.portion of said stretch of track beyond the opposing signal is occupied; and means for rendering each of said means ineffective when a train, having entered the stretch of track traveling in the direction of trafic governed by the corresponding signal, occupies the portion of -the 'stretch of the t 'ack beyond the opposing signal.

58. A stretch of track divided into track circuit sections; a first signal and a second signal for governing traflic over said stretch in opposite directions and each having a stop position and a proceed position; a stick relay for automatically governing the first signal in accordance with the direction of movement of trains; cotiperating contacts governed by said stick relay and closed when that relay is energized; two controlling circuits for said stick relay; one of said controlling circuits including said cooperating contacts; and a circuit con troller included in both of said controlling circuits for the stick relay, said circuit controller being governed by the second signal and being closed when that signal is in its stop position.

59. A stretch of track divided into track circuit sections; a first signal and a second signal each having a proceed position and a stop position; a stick relay for governing the first signal; cooperating contacts controlled by said relay and closed when that relay is energized; a circuit controller subjected to the .same controlling influence as the second signal and closed when that second signal is in its stop position; an energizing circuit for said stick relay controlled jointly by two track circuit sections adjacent to said second signal; and a stick circuit for said stick relay including said cooperating contacts of said relay and said circuit con troller.

60. A stretch of track divided into track 'circuit sections; a first signal and a second signal; a stick relay for governing the first signal; a circuit controller governed by the second signal; and an energizing circuit for said stick relay including said circuit controller and controlled by a track circuit section beyond the second signal in the direction of traflic governed by the first signal.

61. A stretch of track divided into track circuit sections; a first signal anda second signal; a stickrelay for automatically governingthe first signal in accordance with the direction of movement of trains; a preliminary energizing circuit for said stick relay; a stick circuit for said stick relay; and means governed by the second signal for controlling both said preliminary energizing circuit and said stick circuit.

62. A stretch of track divided into track circuit sections; a first signal and a second also governed by a track circui mention arljacent to and beyond the second signal in the direction of traflic controlled by the first signal. v

(33. In a signaling system for railways, a normally open circuit; 'atrackway divided into two electrically dependent sections; sources of current, one connected to each section; translating devices one connected to each section, one of said translating devices only including means for closing said normally open circuit when a train occupies the corresponding section; a normally closed break in said normally open circuit controlled by the translating device connected to the other section; and means controlled by said translating devices for preventing the closing of said normally open circuit by a train on the first mentioned sec tion when said normally closed break is closed and when said train enters said first mentioned section after passing over said other section.

bl. lln a signaling system for railways, a track circuited block; a signal for guarding the entrance to said block and having a normal biased position and operated position; means governed by the entrance of a train from either direction on said block to cause said signal to assume its biased position if not standing therein; a track circuited clearing section for said signal; and means governed by the track circuit of said block and the trackcircuit or" said clearing section for preventing the clearing of said signal by a trains which enters said clearing section from said block.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

RUBERT J. HEWETT, 

